Iodine

Iodine is an essential trace element that plays an important role in the human body. Without iodine, the thyroid gland and therefore the entire metabolism cannot function properly.

Why is iodine important for the body?

Iodine is a vital trace element that plays an important role in the body's metabolism. It is an essential component of the thyroid hormones thyroxine and triiodothyronine, which regulate metabolism and growth. Without iodine, the thyroid gland cannot produce sufficient amounts of these hormones, which leads to hypothyroidism.

Symptoms of hypothyroidism can include tiredness, weight gain, constipation, dry skin and hair and depression. During pregnancy, a lack of iodine can also increase the risk of miscarriage, premature birth and mental retardation.

How much iodine does the body need?

The daily requirement for iodine depends on age, gender and state of health. Adults need about 150 µg of iodine per day, while pregnant women and breastfeeding mothers have a higher requirement. Infants and children also need more iodine than adults, as they are still growing.

Which foods contain iodine?

Iodine is found in many foods, especially in seafood, seaweed and algae. Dairy products, meat and eggs also contain iodine. In countries where drinking water contains little iodine, it is often fortified with iodine to prevent a deficiency.

What are the effects of an iodine deficiency?

A lack of iodine can lead to various health problems, in particular hypothyroidism and goitre. In severe cases, iodine deficiency can lead to cretinism, a congenital mental disability caused by hypothyroidism during pregnancy.

How can an iodine deficiency be prevented?

An iodine deficiency can be avoided by eating a balanced diet. Seafood and algae in particular contain a lot of iodine. In countries where drinking water contains little iodine, it is often enriched with iodine to prevent a deficiency. Iodized table salt also contains iodine.

Conclusion

In summary, it can be said that iodine is an essential trace element for the human body. It plays a central role in metabolism and is essential for the normal functioning of the thyroid gland and the nervous system. Adequate iodine intake can help reduce the risk of metabolic disorders and health problems. As the body cannot produce iodine itself, care should be taken to ensure a balanced diet that contains sufficient iodine-rich foods such as seafood, seaweed and algae. In countries where drinking water contains little iodine, it can be enriched by iodization to prevent deficiency symptoms.